Iran, historically known as Persia, is situated on a bridge of land that connects the Middle East with the Far East. Its geographic position is of considerable historical value as it was right in the center of the ancient Silk Road and has thus been a transitional point where products were passed between the West and the Orient for thousands of years.

Ancient Persians took their wares to all the corners of the world, in particular pomegranates, saffron and spinach, and the country also played host to much of the bargaining between the East and West. These bargained goods, including rice, lemons and eggplant, now feature prominently in the national Iranian dishes.

Iranian cooking has much in common with Middle Eastern cooking, where wheat is a staple, and lamb, poultry and yoghurt are all popular. A distinctly sour flavor is evident in most Iranian dishes, and may be achieved through the addition of lemon, pomegranate or sour oranges.

The dishes of Iran are often time-consuming, slow-cooked affairs. Rice dishes are among the true specialties of the region. There are two primary preparations for rice in Iran: chelow and polow. Preparing both the chelow (white rice) and polow (a pilaf-style dish) is a long, complicated process. The rice is first soaked, then boiled and finally steamed. To make chelow koresh, a household favorite, the rice is then cooked until a golden crust forms at the bottom of the dish. Chelow is a common accompaniment to meat or poultry stews. A polow is generally flavoured with vegetables, herbs and nuts. For example, shireen polow, considered “The King of Persian Dishes”, is flavoured with saffron, orange peel, dried fruit, carrot, pistachios and almonds and then coated in caramelized sugar and served with saffron rice.